口譯長難句翻譯

口譯長難句翻譯

The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.

美國的經(jīng)濟基本是以私有企業(yè)和市場導向經(jīng)濟為架構的，在這種經(jīng)濟下，消費者在市場上為那些他們最想要的貨品和服務付費，在很大程度上決定了什么應該被制造出來。

Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

因此，在美國的經(jīng)濟體系中，個體消費者的需求、商人試圖最大化其利潤的欲望、個人想最大化其收入效用，這三種欲望相結合，決定了什么應該被制造出來，也決定了如何用資源來制造它們。

If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.

另一方面，如果大量制造某種商品導致其成本下降，那么這就有可能增加賣方和制造商能的供給，這樣反過來又降低了價格，讓更多的消費者購買產(chǎn)品。

In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.

在美國經(jīng)濟中，私有財產(chǎn)的概念不僅包含對生產(chǎn)資源的所有權，也指其他一些特定的權利，如制定一個產(chǎn)品價格的權利、與另一個私人個體(經(jīng)濟單位) 自由簽定合同的權利。

At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.

同時這些計算機記錄下哪些時段是最忙的，哪些員工工作效率最高，這樣就能相應地做出人員人事安排。而且計算機也能找到促銷活動的對象顧客。

Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

從劇院到雜志出版商，從公用燃氣電力設施到牛奶處理廠，不計其數(shù)的其他商業(yè)企業(yè)，都通過使用計算機給消費者帶來更好、更高效的服務。

Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.

殘疾兒童在許多方面都與其同齡人十分不同。為了讓這些孩子在成長過程中充分發(fā)展?jié)撃埽麄兊慕逃仨氝m應這些不同。

The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.

在過去的30年中，公共教育中顯示的對殘疾兒童的巨大關注表明了我們社會中的一種中強烈的情緒，那就是所有的公民，不管其情況有多特殊，都應享有充分發(fā)展其能力的機會。

It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.

它(廣告)能夠直接幫助貨物以比較合理的價格迅速分銷出去，這樣(公司)可以建立穩(wěn)固的國內市場，同時也使提供更具有競爭力出口價格變成可能。

Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.

即使議會沒有27條規(guī)范廣告的法案，任何一個正式的廣告商也都不敢推銷一種無法兌現(xiàn)其在廣告中承諾的商品。

Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back.
一些機構終于松了一口氣，但是其他一些機構——包括教堂，倡導生命權利的團體和澳大利亞醫(yī)學協(xié)會——都尖銳地抨擊這個法案，指責法案的通過過于匆忙。但是似乎大勢已定，不可逆轉了。

In Australia - where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part - other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.
在澳大利亞，人口老齡化、延長壽命的技術、變化著的社會態(tài)度都在發(fā)揮作用。其他的州也會考慮制定類似的有關安樂死的法律。

There are, of course, exceptions. Small--minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.
當然，例外是存在的。在美國，心胸狹窄的官員、粗魯?shù)牟蛷d服務員、沒有禮貌的出租車司機也并不少見。然而這樣的情況太多了，值得人們探討這些問題。

We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.
我們生活在一種藥品（藥物）的醫(yī)學用途和社會用途都很廣泛的社會里： 用一片阿司匹林止頭痛，用葡萄酒來社交，早上喝咖啡提神，抽一支煙來定神。

Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.
對藥品的依賴性首先表現(xiàn)為不斷增長的耐藥量，要想得到同樣的效果所需要的藥品劑量越來越大，然后表現(xiàn)為停止用藥后，出現(xiàn)令人不適的停藥癥狀。

Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.
這樣非個人的對資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的巨大操縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他們作為一個階級的重要性，這些資金代表著國民生計中以不負責任手段獲取的財富。他們不但沒有負起土地擁有者的責任，而且也幾乎同樣沒有負起作為公司管理者的責任。

Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large 'comfortable' classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.
伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本這樣的城鎮(zhèn)大批涌現(xiàn)，給大量'享受主義'階級提供居住場所。這些人早年賺得了豐厚的收入，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)退休。他們除了分紅和偶爾參加一下股東大會，向管理層口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社區(qū)的其他階層毫無瓜葛。

The 'shareholders' as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.
這樣的'股東'對他擁有股份的公司所雇用的工人們的生活、思想和需求一無所知，而且他們對勞資雙方的關系產(chǎn)生的影響并不是積極的。

The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.
公司花錢雇來的職業(yè)經(jīng)理人與工人以及他們需求的關系更加直接，但是就連他對工人們的了解也往往并不是私人間的了解。而在現(xiàn)在正在消失的古老家族公司的那種更加家長式的制度下，雇主們卻往往和他們的工人之間有這樣的私人關系。

Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, 'spatial' thinking about things technological.
在許多形成因素當中，我將單獨討論我們國家優(yōu)秀的小學教育，其他因素有：善于學習新技術的勞動者們：獎勵發(fā)明者的做法；還有最重要的因素，是美國人對技術非言語的、發(fā)散的思維的天賦。

As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, 'A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist'.
正如尤金·弗格森所指出的：'技術專家考慮的是不能被簡化成能用清楚的語言描述的東西。這些東西在他的思維中是通過一種視覺的、非語言的過程處理的……設計者和發(fā)明者……能夠在他們的腦中裝配并操作那些還不存在的裝置。'

Robert Fulton once wrote, 'The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea'.
羅伯特·法歐特曾經(jīng)這樣寫到：'一個技師會沉浸在杠桿、螺絲釘、楔子、 輪子等等當中，如同一個詩人沉浸在字母表的字母中，他們把這些字母看成自己思想的顯現(xiàn)，每種新的安排都傳達了一種新的思想。'

In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.
在最后三章中，他將神造論者好好批判了一頓。他描述了他們的活動和戰(zhàn)術，而且，對于那些對神造論者的做事方式不熟悉的人來說，神造論者的欺騙和扭曲事實的程度可能會令這些人瞠目結舌。

On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: 'This book stands for reason itself.' And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
在這本好書的封面上，史蒂芬·杰伊·古爾德寫道：'這本書本身就代表理性。'而它確實是這樣的——而且如果理性成為神造論／地化論之間的辯論中的惟一評判標準的話，一切就都好辦了。

After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.
經(jīng)過了六個月的爭論以及最后16個小時激烈的議會辯論，澳大利亞北部地區(qū)當局成為了世界上第一個允許醫(yī)生給希望死去的絕癥病人實施安樂死的立法當局。