漢語(yǔ)新難詞英譯

漢語(yǔ)新難詞英譯

　摘要：時(shí)代飛速發(fā)展，漢語(yǔ)新難詞不斷涌現(xiàn)，翻譯時(shí)頗難下筆，還有一些政策性很強(qiáng)的詞句，翻譯時(shí)頗費(fèi)斟酌。故而，中國(guó)譯協(xié)中譯外委員會(huì)（由來(lái)自外交部、中央編譯局、中國(guó)外交局、新華社、中國(guó)國(guó)際廣播電臺(tái)、中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)社的專(zhuān)家學(xué)者組成）定期組織研討會(huì)議，討論并規(guī)范目前外宣工作中的漢語(yǔ)新難詞，向社會(huì)公布，以正視聽(tīng)。以下選摘部分（均已注明出處，以顯有據(jù)可稽）。

經(jīng)濟(jì)詞匯

保險(xiǎn)業(yè)　the insurance industry

保證重點(diǎn)指出　ensure funding for priority areas

補(bǔ)發(fā)拖欠的養(yǎng)老金 clear up pension payments in arrears

不良貸款　non-performing loan

層層轉(zhuǎn)包和違法分包　mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting

城鄉(xiāng)信用社　credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas

城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障　a minimum standard of living for city residents

城鎮(zhèn)職工醫(yī)療保障制度　the system of medical insurance for urban workers

出口信貸　export credit

貸款質(zhì)量　loan quality

貸款質(zhì)量五級(jí)分類(lèi)辦法　the five-category assets classification for bank loans

防范和化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)　take precautions against and reduce financial risks

防洪工程　flood-prevention project

非法外匯交易　illegal foreign exchange transaction

非貿(mào)易收匯　foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels

非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)　non-bank financial institutions

費(fèi)改稅　transform administrative fees into taxes

跟蹤審計(jì)　foolow-up auditing

工程監(jiān)理制度　the monitoring system for projects

國(guó)有資產(chǎn)安全　the safety of state-owned assets

過(guò)度開(kāi)墾　excess reclamation

合同管理制度　the contract system for governing projects

積極的財(cái)政政策　pro-active fiscal policy

基本生活費(fèi)　basic allowance

解除勞動(dòng)關(guān)系　sever labor relation

金融監(jiān)管責(zé)任制　the responsibility system for financial supervision

經(jīng)濟(jì)安全　economic security

靠擴(kuò)大財(cái)政赤字搞建設(shè)　to increase the deficit to spend more on development

擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求　the expansion of domestic demand

拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)　fuel economic growth

糧食倉(cāng)庫(kù)　grain depot

糧食收購(gòu)企業(yè)　grain collection and storage enterprise

糧食收購(gòu)資金實(shí)行封閉運(yùn)行 closed operation of grain purchase funds

糧食銷(xiāo)售市場(chǎng) grain sales market

劣質(zhì)工程 shoddy engineering

亂收費(fèi)、亂攤派、亂罰款 arbitrary charges,fund-raising,quotas and fines

騙匯、逃匯、套匯 obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage

融資渠道 financing channels

商業(yè)信貸原則 the principles for commercial credit

社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu) social security institution

失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)金 unemployment insurance benefits

偷稅、騙稅、逃稅、抗稅 tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes

外匯收支 foreign exchange revenue and spending

　　　　 以上摘自《中國(guó)翻譯》2000年第二期　　　　

　

安居工程　housing project for low-income urban residents

信息化　information-based; informationization

智力密集型　 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive

外資企業(yè)　 overseas-funded enterprises

下崗職工　laid-off workers

分流　reposition of redundant personnel

三角債　chain debts

素質(zhì)教育　education for all-round development

豆腐渣工程　jerry-built projects

社會(huì)治安情況　law-and-order situation

民族國(guó)家　nation state

　　　　　以上選摘自《中國(guó)翻譯》2000年第一期　　　　

“臺(tái)獨(dú)” 'independence of Taiwan'

臺(tái)灣當(dāng)局　Taiwan authorities

臺(tái)灣同胞　Taiwan compatriots

臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.

西部大開(kāi)發(fā)　Development of the West Regions

可持續(xù)性發(fā)展　sustainable development

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資　 risk investment

通貨緊縮　 deflation

擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需　to expand domestic demand

計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)　　computer-assisted instruction　( CAI )

網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間　 cyberspace

虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)　virtual reality

網(wǎng)民　 netizen ( net citizen )

電腦犯罪　computer crime

電子商務(wù)　the e-business

網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物　shopping online

應(yīng)試教育　 exam-oriented education

學(xué)生減負(fù)　 to reduce study load